Cadiolgy India,cardiology Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography,cardiac Catheterization Procedures
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Ravi asked:
In 1929, in Eberswalde, Germany, a 25-year-old surgical trainee named Werner Forssmann was the first to pass a catheter into the heart of a living person—his own. He passed the catheter into his right atrium via the left antecubital vein under fluoroscopic guidance and then climbed the stairs to the radiology department to undergo a chest radiograph. His efforts were not rewarded but, rather, stimulated considerable opposition and bitter criticism; however, in 1956, he shared the Nobel Prize in medicine with other pioneers of invasive cardiology.
Further developments in invasive cardiology were slow until the work of Andre Cournand and Dickenson Richards, who performed the first comprehensive studies of right heart physiology in humans.
In 1947, Louis Dexter expanded the clinical use of right heart catheterization with studies in patients with congenital heart disease and identified the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure as a useful clinical measurement. By this point, the value of hemodynamic measurements was being fully realized, and further developments came rapidly.
Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography
Although the technique and accuracy of noninvasive testing continues to improve, cardiac catheterization remains the standard for the evaluation of hemodynamics. Cardiac catheterization helps provide not only intracardiac pressure measurements, but also measurements of oxygen saturation and cardiac output.1 Hemodynamic measurements usually are coupled with a left ventriculogram for the evaluation of left ventricular function and coronary angiography.
Coronary angiography remains the criterion standard for diagnosing coronary artery disease and is the primary method used to help delineate coronary anatomy.2 In addition to defining the site, severity, and morphology of lesions, coronary angiography helps provide a qualitative assessment of coronary blood flow and helps identify collateral vessels. Correlation of the coronary angiogram and left ventriculogram findings permits identification of potentially viable areas of the myocardium that may benefit from a revascularization procedure. Left ventricular function can be further evaluated during stress using atrial pacing, dynamic exercise, or pharmacologic agents
Tyler
In 1929, in Eberswalde, Germany, a 25-year-old surgical trainee named Werner Forssmann was the first to pass a catheter into the heart of a living person—his own. He passed the catheter into his right atrium via the left antecubital vein under fluoroscopic guidance and then climbed the stairs to the radiology department to undergo a chest radiograph. His efforts were not rewarded but, rather, stimulated considerable opposition and bitter criticism; however, in 1956, he shared the Nobel Prize in medicine with other pioneers of invasive cardiology.
Further developments in invasive cardiology were slow until the work of Andre Cournand and Dickenson Richards, who performed the first comprehensive studies of right heart physiology in humans.
In 1947, Louis Dexter expanded the clinical use of right heart catheterization with studies in patients with congenital heart disease and identified the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure as a useful clinical measurement. By this point, the value of hemodynamic measurements was being fully realized, and further developments came rapidly.
Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography
Although the technique and accuracy of noninvasive testing continues to improve, cardiac catheterization remains the standard for the evaluation of hemodynamics. Cardiac catheterization helps provide not only intracardiac pressure measurements, but also measurements of oxygen saturation and cardiac output.1 Hemodynamic measurements usually are coupled with a left ventriculogram for the evaluation of left ventricular function and coronary angiography.
Coronary angiography remains the criterion standard for diagnosing coronary artery disease and is the primary method used to help delineate coronary anatomy.2 In addition to defining the site, severity, and morphology of lesions, coronary angiography helps provide a qualitative assessment of coronary blood flow and helps identify collateral vessels. Correlation of the coronary angiogram and left ventriculogram findings permits identification of potentially viable areas of the myocardium that may benefit from a revascularization procedure. Left ventricular function can be further evaluated during stress using atrial pacing, dynamic exercise, or pharmacologic agents
Tyler
