Juliet Cohen asked: Ebstein’s anomaly is a heart defect in which the tricuspid valve is abnormally formed. In Ebstein’s anomaly, two leaflets of the tricuspid valve are displaced downward into the pumping chamber and the third leaflet is elongated and may be adherent to the wall of the chamber. In addition, many patients with Ebstein’s anomaly have an accessory conduction pathway in the heart leading to episodes of abnormal fast heart rate. These abnormalities cause the tricuspid valve to leak blood backwards into the right atrium when the right ventricle contracts and as a result, the right atrium becomes enlarged and if severe enough, congestive heart failure can result. There appears to be an increased risk of this abnormality in infants of women taking lithium during the first trimester of pregnancy, and in those with wolff-parkinson-white syndrome.
When the Ebstein anomaly is defined took the tricuspid valve the congenital displacement toward the right ventricle apex, it frequently with other abnormalities relates in together. Ebstein’s anomaly may also lead to enlargement of the heart. In addition, about half the people with Ebstein’s anomaly have a hole in their heart, and one in four has episodes of fast heartbeats. If no signs or symptoms are present, careful monitoring of your heart may be all that’s necessary. In Ebstein’s anomaly, the tricuspid valve is displaced downward into the right ventricle so that a portion of the right ventricle becomes part of the right atrium. As a result, the right atrium is larger than usual and the functional right ventricle is abnormal. Other tachyarrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, occur with increased frequency as the right atrium becomes dilated. In some cases, a very fast heart rhythm may cause fainting spells.
Ebstein anomaly possibility realm from extremely temperate, by the small symptom, to is extremely severe. Many patients with milder forms of Ebstein anomaly do not have symptoms to be certain because of the presence of a heart noise. People with Ebstein’s anomaly may have a rapid heart rhythm called supraventricular tachycardia. An episode of supraventricular tachycardia may cause palpitations. Sometimes this is associated with fainting, dizziness, lightheadedness or chest discomfort. If the valve abnormality is especially severe, you may have decreased stamina, fatigue, cyanosis, and sometimes fluid retention. These problems usually develop because the valve has become leakier. Some babies and children have bluish discoloration to their lips and nail beds, due to the flow of blood from the right atrium to the left atrium. Severely affected babies are often critically ill at birth, with low oxygen saturations and heart failure requiring intensive care.
Some patients with abnormal heart rhythms can test the electrophysiologic to require potentially their problems of heart rhythm improve to identify and treat. The mild shortages can require no specific treatment, only disease prevention for bacterial endocarditis. Medical treatment is used to help children with congestive heart failure or abnormal heart rhythms. Ebstein’s anomaly is mild in most adults who have it, so they don’t need surgery. However sometimes the tricuspid valve leaks severely enough to result in heart failure or cyanosis. Then surgery may be required. Several different operations have been used in patients with Ebstein’s anomaly. The most common involves a repair of the tricuspid valve. People with Ebstein’s anomaly should receive continued care from a cardiologist with expertise in congenital heart defects. You may need antibiotics before certain dental or surgical procedures to prevent endocarditis.
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